Sarah Weddington: Roe vs. Wade :: Essays Papers

Sarah Weddington: Roe vs. Wade St. Olaf College's theme for Women's History Month is "Women in Politics." The featured guest speaker was Sarah Weddington, the attorney who, in 1973, argued the winning side of Roe vs. Wade before the United States Supreme Court. This decision significantly influenced women's reproductive rights by overturning the Texas interpretation of abortion law and making abortion legal in the United States. The Roe vs. Wade decision held that a woman, with her doctor, could choose abortion in earlier months of pregnancy without restriction, and with restrictions in later months, based on the right to privacy. It invalidated all state laws limiting women's access to abortions during the first trimester of pregnancy based on the Ninth Amendment to the United States Constitution, a part of the Bill of Rights. The Court's decision in this case was that the Ninth Amendment, "the enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people," protected a person's right to privacy. The alias "Jane Roe" was used for Norma McCorvey, on whose behalf the suit was originally filed, alleging that the abortion law in Texas violated her constitutional rights and the rights of other women. The defendant was the district attorney of Dallas County, Texas, Henry B. Wade. Sarah Weddington and Linda Coffee were the plaintiff's lawyers. John Tolle, Jay Floyd and Robert Flowers were the defendant's lawyers. Those on the Supreme Court in support of the Roe vs. Wade decision were: Harry Blackmun, William J. Brennan, Chief Justice Warren Burger, William O. Douglas, Thurgood Marshall, Lewis Powell and Potter Stewart. Those in the dissent were William Rehnquist and Byron White. Although abortion has been legal for more than 30 years, the Roe vs. Wade decision is currently in jeopardy of being overturned by the Bush administration. Weddington divulged her personal fears about the decision being overturned by the court on any grounds. She stated that the damage will be long lasting and many women will suffer. Currently, there is a big effort by those opposed to abortion to give the fetus rights. Recent Bush administration regulations want to declare that a fetus is a child under the government's State Children's Health Insurance Program. This change would refute one of Weddington's arguments in Roe vs. Wade that the government has never treated the fetus as a person.

Federal Income Tax Formula

FEDERAL INCOME TAX FORMULA Gross Income – Above the Line Deductions____ Adjusted Gross Income – Itemized or Standard Deduction – Exemptions_________________ Taxable Income x Applicable Marginal Tax Rates for Each Bracket Tax Liability – Tax Credits_________________ = TAX OWED ABRIDGED INCOME TAX ACCOUNTING I. Gross Income [ § 61] — A. Wages, Salaries, and Tips B. Interest Income C. Dividend Income D. Other (Net) Income—Reduced by Deductible Expenses 1. State & Local Income Tax Refunds 2. Alimony Received 3. Business Income or Loss 4. Capital Gains or Losses 5. Taxable IRA Distributions, Pensions, & Annuities . Rents, Royalties, Partnerships, S-Corporations, Estates, Trusts 7. Unemployment Compensation & Social Security 8. Other Income II. Less â€Å"Above the Line† Deductions— A. Unreimbursed Qualified Moving Expenses B.? of Self-Employment Tax C. Self-employed Health Insurance Deduction D. IRA Deduction E. Payments to Keogh R etirement Plan F. Penalty on Early Withdrawal of Savings G. Student Loan Interest Deduction H. Alimony Paid I. Tuition and Fees Deduction J. Depreciation Deduction ———————————————————-â€Å"The Line† = Adjusted Gross Income (â€Å"AGI†) III.Less the Greater of (1) Itemized Deductions or (2) the Standardized Deductions— A. Itemized Deductions: 1. Medical and Dental 2. State Taxes 3. Interest Expense on Qualified Mortgage Indebtedness 4. Casualty & Theft Losses 5. Miscellaneous Itemized Deductions i)Misc. Deductions Subject to 2% AGI Floor ii)Misc. Deductions Exempt from 2% AGI Floor B. Standard Deduction [ § 63] IV. Less Exemptions = Taxable Income V. Tax Liability = Taxable Income x Applicable Marginal Tax Rates VI. Less Tax Credits A. Historical Building Rehabilitation B. Renewable Energy C. Work Opportunity Tax Credit D. Qualif ying Child Tax Credit = TAX OWED

Correlation Between Personality and Music Preferences

Have you ever been asked the question, â€Å"Why are you listening to that?† At that moment, you sit there and try to come up with a reason to explain your answer. However, the answer always seems to be, â€Å"Because I like it.† There’s no particular reason, maybe it’s the artist or maybe it is because you just like the beat. Perhaps it could be the way you are feeling at that particular moment. Every day people are exposed to music in one form or another, whether they wish to hear it or not. For example, every time someone walks into a store, goes to eat dinner or something as simple as walking into an elevator. Music is always playing in the background. It can actually be somewhat hard to get away from it. Yet the music does not seem to†¦show more content†¦One direction that music research has ventured involves a focus on the interaction between personality and musical preference. The uses of music amongst individuals that have been experimented on suggest that, young people in particular use music for the purpose to create an external image to other social groups. By doing so, music may help individuals to realize their sense of identity by establishing what kind of preferences the cliques have. Chamorro-Premuzic Furnham have indicated that, â€Å"individuals choose to listen to music as background to other activities for mere appreciation or rhythmic accompan iment (176).† Also, technological advances in digital music, for example mp3 players and compact disk have made listening to music cheap and available everywhere and at all times. Today, people can listen to music while driving, exercising, studying, or working. Much of our current understanding of music-genre preferences comes from Rentfrow Gosling’s (2003) study: The Five Factor Model. In the study, they started a series of 6 studies, examining people’s lay beliefs about music, the underlying music preferences and the links between music preferences and personality. This study revealed four dimensions of musical preferences. For those that have preferences for Pop, Soundtracks, and Oldies, the dimension was named Upbeat Conventional; which revealed genres that emphasize positive emotions and areShow MoreRelatedThe Factor Model Developed By Costa And Mccrae994 Words   |  4 Pagesunderlying factors of musical preference much research has explored personality and has attempted to label different personality traits. Personality cannot be directly observed and quantified because it is an abstract concept with several different definitions and interpretations. For the purpose of this study, the five factor model developed by Costa and McCrae (cite) will be used. Simply put, the five-factor model (FFM) is an empirical generalization about personality traits and how they are appliedRead MoreRelationship Between Music And Mood964 Words   |  4 PagesRelationship between Music and Mood Introduction In â€Å"Music Preferences, Personality Style, and Developmental Issues of Adolescents† (2003) Kelly D. Schwartz and Gregory T. Fouts observed the personality traits and developmental issues in three different groups of adolescences. The three groups of adolescences were separated by the type of music they preferred listening to: â€Å"heavy, light, and eclectic music† (Schwartz Fouts, 2003). The 164 participants were tasked with completing a questionnaireRead MoreTo What Extent Can Personality Traits Suggest an Individual’s Preference of Film Genre?1930 Words   |  8 PagesTo what extent can personality traits suggest an individual’s preference of film genre? Abstract This study investigates the relationship between personality and preference of film genre. Three scales of personality trait were selected from the International Personality Item Pool (IPIP) based on the revised version of the NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R: Costa amp; McCrae, 1992) and were assessed using a questionnaire. To assess preference of film genre, 9 film trailers groupedRead MoreMusic As A Predictor For Personality3016 Words   |  13 PagesFor years, music has been an important part of the lives of millions of people all over the world. Music is one of the earliest forms of expressive art and is part of many cultures. It is used by all people of different ages, ethnicities, and gender for many purposes. For many, music is a part of everyday life, being used in social situations. For others, it may be used just as a way to unwind after a long, stressful day, but can it be used to as a predictor for personality? Do people who experienceRead MoreProcrastina tion And Its Effects On Understanding Procrastination1525 Words   |  7 Pagesbeen lumped into one broad category, understood as the action of delaying to initiate or complete a task, often done through means of finding distractions or by displaying other avoidant characteristics. One mainstream interpretation distinguishes between â€Å"arousal type† procrastinators (those who procrastinate until they experience a sense of euphoria, resulting from approaching deadline pleasures), â€Å"the avoiders† (who may lack confidence in their abilities to complete tasks sufficiently and procrastinateRead MoreLeslie Is A Teacher s Student Government Organization1336 Words   |  6 Pagesschool’s student government organization. Leslie also is a mentor for the local elementary school, and volunteers at the local library. She has friends who are also in the gifted program and enjoys social settings. She likes reading, listening to music, and playing the flute in her s pare time. She loves being around people and is interested in helping others when she finishes college. Leslie is interested in running for class president during her eleventh grade school year. Leslie currentlyRead MoreUniversity Of New York : Study And Personality Impressions1344 Words   |  6 PagesFacebook Info Page Study and Personality Impressions Lesly Cabrera City College of New York Study purpose and rationale It is said that one can tell a lot about a person by looking at their Facebook page. People find them selves looking at other individuals Facebook profiles and consciously or unconsciously make assumptions of the individual’s personality. This research conducted by Zorana Ivcevic and Nalini Ambady from Tufts University, examines exactly that and serves two main reasons. The firstRead MoreDoes My Choice In Music Directly Shape My Future?. When1275 Words   |  6 Pages Does my choice in music directly shape my future? When one listens to music, dopamine levels are slightly increased resulting in a feel good sensation in response to the specific stimuli. Although music may have health benefits, it is almost an unimaginable task to find a person who does not enjoy music. Even Though I would love it if music directly impacted others lives the way it does for me, I can only voice its impacts for myself and my beliefs about how music has a direct impact on my futureRead MoreSociological Perspective On Love : The Ideology Of Love1836 Words   |  8 Pagespartner. Between - Partner Similarity : Elizabeth Aura McClintock conducted a research study in which displays strong evidence of matching on physical attractiveness, education, and occupational status (SEI). The correlations between her and his expected college graduation status (.575), years of completed education (.557), and SEI (.546) are especially strong. This evidence particularly pertains to college students as it shows a preference difference between particular groups. The between-partnerRead MoreHow And Why Are Music And Emotion Linked?2939 Words   |  12 PagesPSYC380 Term 2 Essay 2nd February 2015 How and why are Music and Emotion Linked? School of Psychology, Plymouth University When discussing the link between music and emotion, we first need to attempt to define the concept of emotion. Emotion is rudimentarily defined as a â€Å"complex state of feeling that results in physical and psychological changes that influence thought and behaviour† (Myers, 2004). Furthermore, emotion is usually accompanied with physiological changes - but research and opinion